![]() In order to address the consequences and clinical burden associated with the lack of recognition of narcolepsy, there is a need for a better understanding of the symptoms, clinical spectrum, comorbidities, pathophysiology, and treatment options. Even after diagnosis and treatment, the impact of narcolepsy is high, with patients experiencing lower quality of life, reduced productivity, and higher utilization of healthcare resources than individuals without narcolepsy. Narcolepsy symptoms can significantly affect patients’ lives, impairing their ability to function at school and work, as well as negatively impacting their household responsibilities, relationships with friends and family, mood, and self-esteem. ![]() In addition, the high presence of comorbidities in patients with narcolepsy may delay recognition and, consequently, treatment of this disorder. ![]() One of the main reasons for the delay between the onset of narcolepsy symptoms and the time of diagnosis is the overlap of symptoms with other more common disorders, such as insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, anxiety and mood disorders, and other psychiatric conditions. Although narcolepsy is associated with major impairments in function and quality of life, it is often under-recognized, which leads to a delay in diagnosis of 9–22 years, ultimately increasing the disease burden. Symptoms characteristic of disrupted REM sleep can include cataplexy, sleep paralysis, sleep-related hallucinations, and frequent vivid dreams. ![]() Narcolepsy is a chronic neurologic disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), disruption of rapid eye movement (REM), sleep regulation, and disturbed nocturnal sleep it is a 24 h of the day disorder. ![]()
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